Biochemistry 2288A Lecture Notes - Lecture 21: Start Codon, Transfer Rna, Ribosome

21 views4 pages

tealcicada944

18 Dec 2016

School

Department

Course

Professor

For unlimited access to Class Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

Document Summary

The conversion of the information in rna into protein represents translation of the information into another language that uses different symbols. There are 4 different nucleotides in mrna but 20 different amino acids in a protein. The genetic code (cid:494)spells(cid:495) out the amino acid sequence in (cid:885)(cid:499)letter(cid:499) (cid:498)words(cid:499) called codons. A one letter code with a,g,u,c would provide: 4 codons. A two letter code would provide 4*4= 16 codons. A three letter code would provide: 4*4*4= 64 codons. As there are 20 amino acids, a 3 letter code is sufficient. 1. universal (almost) code evolved once: non-overlapping (overlapping would place significant restriction on what amino acid residue could follow each other) Increases the chance of a functional protein in the case of a single base mutation. trna. Bring the amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain. All trnas have a similar structure (clover shape) Step loop structure due to internal base pairing , in 3d trna looks like a l.

Related Questions

In the near-universal genetic code, there are four nucleotides and 64 triplet codons. If there were FIVE different nucleotides available (and used in RNA), what minimum codon size would be required to encode all the amino acids normally used in protein synthesis, plus at least one stop codon ?

		2 nucleotides per codon
		3 nucleotides per codon
		4 nucleotides per codon
		5 nucleotides per codon
		6 nucleotides per codon

mauveimpala711

if mRNA is synthesized with all different codons. What is the minimum number of amino acids in protein that is formed by mRNA?
A: 64 B: 62 C: 60

In eukaryotic mRNA there are 90 nucleotides involved in translation process. What is number of amino acid in protein formed by this mRNA molecule?
A: 29 B: 30 C: 45 D: 90

If codons consisted of only 2 nucleotides there would be how many possible codons?
A: 4 B: 8 C: 20 D: 16

1. The four nucleotides found in human DNA (G, A, T, C) combinein groups of three to create potentially 64 different amino acids,but only 20 amino acids, one start codon and three stop codons areused to construct proteins. Why is this so?

a.Many amino acids are not considered complete until they bindwith a second amino acid.
b.64 amino acids are produced, but the body only integrates
c.42 of them into proteins. 64 amino acids are initially produced,but 42 of them are unstable and degrade immediately. Differentd.nucleotide combinations code for the same amino acid.

2.What term is used to describe the phenomenon that there are 64different groups of 3 nucleotides to code for amino acids but only20 amino acids, 1 start codon, and 3 stop codon used in proteinconstruction.

a.Crossing over
b.Redundancy
c.DNA structure
d.Transcription

Suppose a male and a female with chromosomes "DD" (male) and"dd" (female) crossbreed. How likely is their offspring to exhibitthe DD genotype?

100%
25%
50%
0%

4.What term best describes the genotype of "dd"?
a.heterozygous
b.monohybrid
c.homozygous
d.haploid

5.Suppose a male and a female with chromosomes "DDBb" (male) and"ddBB" (female) interbreed. How likely is their offpsring toexhibit the DdBb genotype? 100% 50% 25% 0%?

6. What term best describes the breeding perfomed when a maleand female with chromosomes "DDBb" (male) and "ddBB" (female)interbreed?

Dihybrid cross

Codominance

Incomplete dominance

Monohybrid cross

tealgoat796

Biochemistry 2288A Lecture Notes - Lecture 21: Start Codon, Transfer Rna, Ribosome

Document Summary

Get access

Related Documents

Biochemistry 2288A Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Start Codon, Intron, Base Pair

Related Questions