Biology 1002B Lecture Notes - Immunogenetics, Oncogene
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QUESTION 1
How is a bone marrow transplant able to treat someone with leukemia?
The donor blood contains antibodies that destroy cancer cells | ||
Donor blood contains stem cells that regenerate cells in the immune system | ||
Bone marrow contains induced pluripotent stem cells that turn into red blood cells | ||
Bone marrow contains tumor supressor genes that slow down leukemia growth | ||
Bone marrow contains pluripotent human embryonic stem cells |
1.2 points
QUESTION 2
What would happen if siRNAs designed to target mRNA from an oncogene were introduced into cancer cells?
Increased genomic instability would result from adding foreign nucleic acids | ||
New mutations would arise in the oncogene | ||
The oncogene would be converted back into a proto-oncogene | ||
The siRNAs would compete with the oncogene's active site | ||
Production of the oncogene protein would decrease |
1.2 points
QUESTION 3
What is the purpose of chromatin-remodeling enzymes in human cells?
The enzymes control the rate of translation of an mRNA transcript | ||
The enzymes add phosphate or methyl groups to histone tails | ||
The enzymes slide nucleosomes farther apart or closer to each other | ||
The enzymes send damaged proteins to the proteasome for degradation | ||
The enzymes cause DNA looping to occur |
1.2 points
QUESTION 4
If you wanted to resurrect the mammoth, how would you do it?
Use somatic cell nuclear transfer to insert the mammoth genome into the egg of an elephant | ||
Use transcription factors to re-program adult cells from elephants into mammoth cells | ||
Change the gene expression patterns of elephants to increase production of mammoth genes | ||
Use siRNAs to decrease expression of elephant-specific genes in an elephant embryo |
1.2 points
QUESTION 5
How is eukaryotic transcription initiated?
RNA polymerase is recruited to the start codon by transcription factors | ||
RNA polymerase begins transcription at the enhancer sequence | ||
RNA polymerase is activated by binding to GTP | ||
An initiator tRNA binds to the ribosome | ||
A complex of proteins forms at the promoter of a gene |
Question 7
The TERT gene encodes for telomerase and is an example of a(n) ________________.
tumor suppressor gene
oncogene
histone
transcription factor
Question 9
Which of the following is true regarding tumors?
Their environments are ideal for rapid cell growth, providing nutrients and oxygen |
They are comprised of proliferating and necrotic cells |
They do not recruit their own blood supply |
They are homogeneous |
Question 10
During surgery to remove a primary tumor, nearby _________ are often additionally removed or biopsied to look for the presence of invasive cancer cells.
lymph nodes |
blood vessels |
epithelial cells |
bone marrow |