Biology 2581B Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Deinococcus Radiodurans, Dna Replication, Borrelia
13 Jun 2017
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Document Summary
Dna and chromosomes are actually quite messy rather than the clean images we normally see. Genomes: are made up of one or more chromosomes. Genetics 2581: karyotype image of human genome, double stranded dna, each chromosome is present twice (diploid) Chromosome ploidy number: monoploid, can be a monoploid but the genetic instructions are distributed to more than one chromosome, diploid, polyploid: multiple copies of each chromosome. Genome size in all 3 is essentially the same. Chromosomes can be: circular, linear: human nuclear chromosomes. Normally double stranded dna aside from viruses which are often single stranded. Intact: information of genome within one chromosome: fragmented: distributed across multiple chromosomes, human nuclear genome is: linear fragmented, mitochondrial genome: Chromosomes can be a mixture of linear and circular. Chromosomes can also be concatenated: chromosomes strung together in a repeating pattern of the same information, e. g. Plasmodium"s (malaria parasite) mitochondrial genome: head to tail of the same sequence.
