Biology 2581B Lecture Notes - Lecture 21: Reverse Transcriptase, Retroposon, Retrotransposon
14 Jul 2016
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Transposable elements = jumping genes: different for each species. Discovered by barbara mcclintock in maize o o o. Looked at particular color formations in corn in order to figure out how it comes about. Proposed very early on that the dna which is confined is jumping. Jumping causes the corn to gain or lose a particular color depending on where it goes. Reciprocal translocation: parts of 2 non-homologous chromosomes trade places without any net loss/gain to dna o. Can alter phenotype if disrupts a gene or its expression. Translocation heterozygotes: produce genetically unbalanced gametes from 2-3 possible meiotic segregation patterns o. First evidence by marcus roades in 1930s and described in detail by barbara mcclintock in maize from. But they exist in many organisms including mammals, insects, plants, etc. Transposition: movement of small segments of dna, transposable elements, from one position in the genome to another. Transpose via reverse transcription of an rna intermediate.
