Biology 1001A Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Carl Linnaeus, Binomial Nomenclature, Paraphyly
20 Jan 2020
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How the taxonomic hierarchy organizes species, and higher-level taxa, into more and more inclusive groupings: diligent kindly professors cannot often fail good students. In order from least specific to most specific, taxonomic hierarchy goes: Invented by carolus linnaeus: 2 part latin name, first part: genus; this is capitalized, second part: species; this is not capitilized, example: polar bear ursus maritimus. Recognize examples of monophyletic and non-monophyletic groupings, given a phylogenetic tree (note: you do not need to distinguish between paraphyletic and polyphyletic groupings): Why some historically recognized taxonomic groupings do not correspond to evolutionary relationships: Meaning of node, root, clade, and sister clade; and recognize examples of each on a phylogenetic tree: Node: each branching point in a phylogenetic tree: represents the most recent common ancestor of a clade. Clade: all the branches that emerge from a node: can be identified by following a node to the tips of all its branches at the top of the tree.
