Biology 1001A Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Dna Replication, Chromosome Segregation, Prokaryote
25 May 2016
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Document Summary
Combination of growth and division is achieved through 3 processes working together: dna replication, dynamically changing cytoskeleton, cell cycle check points. Cell division must be regulated, if cells divide daughter cells might be too small, or lacking essential cytoplasm or genetic material. If cells divide too slowly they may grow inefficiently large or accumulate extra chromosomes. Most cells in the body are not destined to divide anytime soon, if ever. Prokaryotic cell division binary fission splitting into 2 parts. Following birth, cells may grow for some time before initiating dna synthesis (b period). Once chromosomes have replicated and separated to opposite sides of the cell (c period) the membrane pinches together between them and 2 daughter cells are formed (d period). All bacteria and archaea use dna as their hereditary information, most species pack it into a single circular chromosome of double stranded dna. The chromosome is compacted in a central region called the nucleoid through out the cell cycle.
