Biology 1001A Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Inclusive Fitness, Fetus, Blood Sugar
31 May 2016
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Selection is fundamentally competitive: trying to get larger fraction of alleles passed on. Group living and cooperation are common: e. g. group hunting with social carnivores. Helping non-descendants: altruism: how can traits spread if they reduce the actors lifetime reproductive success, sacrificing individual fitness for the good of the group. Kin selection theory takes broader view of fitness". Direct fitness: increased fitness through production of offspring. Indirect fitness: copies of alleles that make it to next generations, not in form of direct ascendance but non-direct (relatives) Inclusive fitness: sum of direct and indirect, selection acts to maximize. Selection acts to maximize inclusive fitness: could increase indirect and decrease direct, or vice versa. If benefit to the actors indirect fitness outweighs the cost to the actors direct fitness, behavior favored by kin selection. Hamilton"s rule: helpful behaviours favoured if rb>c: benefit (b) to actor"s relatives, multiplied by degree of relatedness, (r, does this outweigh cost (c) to actor"s direct fitness.
