Biology 1002B Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Frameshift Mutation, Stop Codon, Gene Duplication
Document Summary
Genetic code is redundant- most amino acids have multiple codons that could be used. When one codon gets switched to another codon that still produces the same protein. When the meaning of the codon is changed to something else. Effect of this mutation is hard to predict- the impacts of changing a protein. Depends where mutation is, which amino acid gets switched, what it gets switched to, etc. Premature stop codon will create a protein that is too small and probably not functional. Add bp to dna= extra base in mrna. All codons downstream will be read incorrectly= end up different. Likely very destructive, results in destroyed function of protein. If base is added in a splice signal it can mess up splicing. Stop codon will be missed- out of frame, won"t be read. Translation will go through stop codon and results in a longer protein. Perhaps a new stop codon will be introduced, resulting in a shorter protein.