Biology 1002B Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Light-Independent Reactions, Carbon Fixation, Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate

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28 Feb 2016

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Material covered cyclic electron transport, calvin cycle, Synthesis of atp and nadph: calvin cycle (stroma) As you move down the path in the etc, it becomes harder to oxidize the molecules. Need to photons of light to reduce nadp+ to nadph. Reduction of carbon dioxide in calvin cycle requires more. Other energy requiring in the chloroplast also require atp. Noncyclic electron transport produces approximately equal quantities of nadph and atp. Most g3p is recycled so the cycle can continue. Carbon fixed (attached) to a larger molecule each turn of the cycle. Every 3 turns produces an excess 3 carbon sugar glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (g3) 2 cycles need to generate a molecule of glucose. Carbon fixation - taking an inorganic molecule (carbon) and incorporating it into larger organic molecules. Carbon added to the 5 carbon sugar rubp by the enzyme. Product is unstable and breaks into 2x3 carbon sugars.

Related Questions

1. Pyruvic acid is produced in __________, and is the starting point for __________.

a. the Krebs cycle; the electron transport chain .

b. The Prep step; Glycolysis.

c. The Krebs cycle; Glycolysis.

d. The electron transport chain; The Prep step.

e. Glycolysis; The Prep step.

2. Which process enables glycolysis to continue to run by generating needed reactants without oxygen?

a. Aerobic respiration

b. Electron transport chain

c. Krebs cycle

d. Fermentation

e. All of the above

3. When water is oxidized by green plants, what is produced?

a. oxygen

b. carbon dioxide

c. sulfur granules

d. hydrogen sulfide

4. In cyclic photophosphorylation, the electrons

a. return to chlorophyll in PS I.

b. are used to make ATP & NADPH.

c. are energized in both PSI and PSII.

d. are converted to glucose.

5. In the Calvin-benson cycle:

a. oxygen is used to synthesize sugars.

b. carbon dioxide is used to synthesize

sugars.

c. ATP is formed.

d. light is required.

6. Light dependent reaactions:

a. capture the energy of sunlight with chlorophyll in PS I & PS II

b. make ATP & NADPH using electron transport chains

c. energize electrons in both PSI & PSII

d. include both cyclic and noncyclic pathways

e. all of the above

7. The five-carbon sugars of nucleotides are

derived from either the ______ or ______.

a.pentose phosphate pathway; Entner-Doudoroff pathway

b. pentose phosphate pathway; the Krebs cycle

c. Entner-Doudoroff pathway; glycolysis

d. glycolysis; the Krebs cycle

8. The pentose phosphate pathway provides a means to break down glucose and synthesize

a. DNA

b. six-carbon sugars.

c. peptidoglycan

d. galactose.

champagnewater-buffalo279

1. All of the following are correct descriptions of photosynthesis except:

A) The Calvin Cycle is endergonic.

B) Electrons are supplied to the reaction center via the splitting of water, which yields O2 as a byproduct

C) Chlorophyll and accessory pigments capture energy from the sun in the form of electrons, which they use to drive the electron transport chains of photosystems I and II.

D) ATP and NADPH generated in the light-dependent reactions are used to power CO2 fixation via the Calvin cycle in the light-independent reactions.

2. In glycolysis and the TCA cycle, glucose is _____ down to CO2; this process _____ lots of ATP and reducing power. In photosynthesis, CO2 is ______ back to sugar by the _______ of lots of ATP and reducing power.

A) reduced; requires; oxidized; production

B) oxidized; requires; reduced; production

C) oxidized; produces; reduced; input

D) reduced; produced; oxidized; input

3. Which description accurately compares cellular respiration and photosynthesis?

A) Photosynthesis uses energy captured from sunlight to power the reduction of carbon dioxide to sugars; cellular respiration oxidizes sugars to yield energy for the cell.

B) The ATP produced via cellular respiration is needed to power the reactions of photosynthesis

C) The pathways of photosynthesis are those of cellular respiration run in reverse.

D) Photosynthesis captures energy from sunlight to oxidize carbon dioxide to sugars; cellular respiration reduces these sugars to yield energy for the cell.

In a thylakoid membrane, absorbed light energy is passed from one chlorophyll molecule to another until it is:

Select one:

a. dissipated as heat.

b. released as fluorescence

c. passed to a reaction center.

Question 2

Protons in a chloroplast flow through an ATP synthase from the:

Select one:

a. cytoplasm to the intermembrane space.

b. stroma to the intermembrane space.

c. thylakoid lumen to the stroma.

d. stroma to the thylakoid lumen.

e. intermembrane space to the stroma.

Question 3

Which of the following are produced directly as a result of the movement of electrons through the photosynthetic electron transport chain?

Select one:

a. oxygen and carbohydrates

b. carbohydrates and ATP

c. ATP and NADPH

d. water and carbohydrates

Question 4

If a mutation occurs such that photosystem II no longer functions as efficiently as it should, what might be most directly affected?

Select one:

a. The amount of H2O produced.

b. The rate at which NADPH is produced.

c. The rate at which protons are transported into the stroma.

d. The rate of ATP synthesis by ATP synthase in the chloroplast.

Biology 1002B Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Light-Independent Reactions, Carbon Fixation, Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate

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