Biology 1201A Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Gametophyte, Chromosome, Chloroplast
Document Summary
Last universal common ancestor (luca: all life is descended from a common ancestor. Vertebrate: animals with a backbone, spinal cords. Animal: anus develops blastopore, mouth from second opening, second hole becomes your mouth, first being anus , protostome > first hole becomes mouth , eukaryote, multicellular. Chemoheterotrophs: at some point in their lives, oxidize organic molecules for energy, ex: carbohydrates, sugras, fats. Depend on other life forms for food. Each cell has the same structure: eukaryotic cell, houses dna genome, also in mitochondria, cells are di erent because of di erent genes (skin cells vs muscle genes) Nuclear genome: 46 chromosomes consisting of linear double stranded (ds) dna, 23 chromosomes, 2 of each, 3,200,000,000 nucleotide base pairs, each mitochondrion contains 1 chromosome (circular ds dna, = 16,569 nucleotide base pairs. Mushrooms are the reproductive part of the fungi. Major part of the fungi is underground. Heterotrophic, by absorption, often decomposing dead plants/animals.
