Biology 1202B Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Anaerobic Respiration, Hydrogen Sulfide, Light-Independent Reactions

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4 Apr 2018

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Photosynthesis: the use of light to convert co2 into organic compounds: **side note: c h bonds have high energy which are easy to break, and they can use the energy to do work: this process is an oxidation-reduction reaction (redox reaction): Co2+2h2o (ch2o) + o2 + h2o: let"s (cid:271)reak this do(cid:449)(cid:374) e(cid:448)e(cid:374) (cid:373)ore, oxidation: 2h2o + light energy o2 + 4h+ +4e: reduction: Co2+4h++4e- (ch2o) + h2o (1. 1) (1. 2) (1. 3) Linear electron transport electron flow from psii, through psi to synthesize nadph. Cyclic electron transport psi functions interdependently from psii. In this one, ferredoxin is not followed by the donation to nadp+ reductase. Instead, ferredoxin donates electron back to pq, which keeps the movement of protons across the thylakoid membrane w/o electrons coming from psii: nadph is not formed during this cycle, needs more energy. 3-phosphoglycerate (6: reduction, each 3-phosphglycerate get an additional phosphate from the breakdown of atp 1,3- bisphosphoglycerate (6).

Related Questions

What type of organisms are responsible for the production of most of the oxygen on Earth?

What molecule is the source of the electrons in the electron transport chain?

What molecule is the source of the oxygen that is released as a byproduct of photosynthesis?

Which of the following is the same thing as a proton?

What molecule is the source of the protons that are used to establish the proton gradient?

What molecule does the electron end up in at the end of the two light reactions (i.e. After Photosystems II and I)?

What is the proton gradient used for?

What does the term âcarbon fixationâ refer to?

During the light-independent reactions, the Calvin Cycle requires NADPH and ATP. Where does the cell get these molecules?

The product of the light-independent reactions is a molecule called G3P. What does the cell use it for?

What is the overall functiono of photosynthesis; why do cells perform this process?

ambergerbil900

1. All of the following are correct descriptions of photosynthesis except:

A) The Calvin Cycle is endergonic.

B) Electrons are supplied to the reaction center via the splitting of water, which yields O2 as a byproduct

C) Chlorophyll and accessory pigments capture energy from the sun in the form of electrons, which they use to drive the electron transport chains of photosystems I and II.

D) ATP and NADPH generated in the light-dependent reactions are used to power CO2 fixation via the Calvin cycle in the light-independent reactions.

2. In glycolysis and the TCA cycle, glucose is _____ down to CO2; this process _____ lots of ATP and reducing power. In photosynthesis, CO2 is ______ back to sugar by the _______ of lots of ATP and reducing power.

A) reduced; requires; oxidized; production

B) oxidized; requires; reduced; production

C) oxidized; produces; reduced; input

D) reduced; produced; oxidized; input

3. Which description accurately compares cellular respiration and photosynthesis?

A) Photosynthesis uses energy captured from sunlight to power the reduction of carbon dioxide to sugars; cellular respiration oxidizes sugars to yield energy for the cell.

B) The ATP produced via cellular respiration is needed to power the reactions of photosynthesis

C) The pathways of photosynthesis are those of cellular respiration run in reverse.

D) Photosynthesis captures energy from sunlight to oxidize carbon dioxide to sugars; cellular respiration reduces these sugars to yield energy for the cell.

The complete set of reactions carried out by an organism is called:

a. anabolism

b. catabolism

c. metabolism

Value: 2

The breakdown of starch is broken down to glucose is an example of:

a. anabolism

b. catabolism

c. metabolism

Value: 3

For the following statement, determine which description best describes the process: DNA is synthesized from free nucleotides.

a. anabolism

b. catabolism

c. metabolism

Value: 4

Fill in the blank: Catabolic reactions result in the synthesis of molecules of .............via cellular respiration. This is then used to power anabolic reactions.

Value: 5

The energy in organic molecules is released in a series of steps because:

a. it is not possible to release it in a single step.

b. more total energy is released in multiple steps than would be released in a single step

c. less total energy is released in multiple steps than would be released in a single step.

d. more energy can be harvested for cellular use in multiple steps than from a single step.

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photosynthesis

1-The light reaction of photosynthesis does not include

a. chemiosmosis

b. oxygen liberation

c. glucose synthesis

d. electron transport

Value: 2

Photosynthesis takes place in the membranes of small sacs called

a. thylakoids

b. photosystems

c. stroma

d. photons

Value: 3

During what stage of photosynthesis is O2 produced?

a. the light-dependent reactions involving photosystems I and II

b. carbon fixation

c. the Krebs cycle

d. O2 is not produced during photosynthesis

Value: 4

The pigment molecules responsible for photosynthesis are located in the

a. mitochondria

b. cytoplasm of the cell

c. stroma of the chloroplast

d. thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast

Value: 5

During what stage of photosynthesis are ATP and NADPH converted to ADP + Pi and NADP+?

a. the light-dependent reactions

b. the light-independent reactions

c. both of the above

d. none of the above

Value: 6

What energy-rich organic compound is produced as a result of the Calvin cycle?

a. ATP

b. NADPH

c. glucose

d. H2O

Value: 7

During photosynthesis, photons raise electrons to higher energy levels. These excited electrons belong to what compound?

a. water

b. ATP

c. chlorophyll

d. electron transport chain

Value: 8

Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

a. photosynthesis occurs only in autotrophs; cellular respiration occurs only in heterotrophs

b. photosynthesis uses solar energy to convert inorganics to energy-rich organics; respiration breaks down energy-rich organics to synthesize ATP

c. photosynthesis involves the oxidation of glucose; respiration involves the reduction of CO2

d. the primary function of photosynthesis is to use solar energy to synthesize ATP; the primary function of cellular respiration is to break down ATP and release energy

Biology 1202B Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Anaerobic Respiration, Hydrogen Sulfide, Light-Independent Reactions

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