Biology 1202B Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Intron, Polyadenylation, Reading Frame
15 Oct 2018
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Document Summary
Sometimes end product is not necessarily protein or rna. Rna in ribosome transfers incoming amino acid to elongated amino acid chain. Rna is functional, not just template for protein. Dna is never in a naked form; always bound up by proteins. Nucleosome: dna wrapped around histone octamer two times. Histone tail is the end of the last amino acid. Histone tails are sites of chemical modification; can add phosphate groups, amino groups, etc. Histone h1 can form the larger 30 nm fibre. Euchromatin (loosely packed); available for transcription; can be transcribed. Heterochromatin (tightly packed); densely packed, dna is essentially silent; unavailable for transcription; cannot be transcribed. Idea that a gene codes for an enzyme. Looking at biological processes; synthesis of amino acids. They figured out that genes were responsible for the enzyme which were performing the steps in the biochemical pathway.
