Biology 3316A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Endoplasmic Reticulum, Retinoid, Chordate
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3316 lecture 2: hydrophobic signals: activation by the ligands, multiple pathways activated and production of second messengers, effectors become activated. 7b) long term changes via gene regulation: negative feedback inhibition. Ligand requires a receptor and it must be located in the right place to accept the signal. If it is not, the ligand may not see the signal. The ligand once it binds could cause a dimerization. The amplification of a single molecule increases signaling to the effector molecules. You must find a way to shut off the signal. You can mutate the protein btwn steps 5 and 6. There must be some type of neg feedback (step 8) Start off w one ligand, then the signals are passed on. What are the names of 2 second messengers? camp. You need pumps/channels to keep the calcium in the er so you know when to release it. When cells talk hydrophobic (retinoid) signals treat acne, chemotherapeutics, stem cell inducers.