Geography 2210A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Sample Space, Statistical Inference
14 Dec 2017
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Elementary probability theory: foundation for statistical inference > process whereby information from a sample dataset is used to estimate characteristics of larger populations. Basic concepts rest on statistical experiment (or random trial) Statistical experiment: definition process in which one outcome from a set of possible outcomes occurs, which outcome occurs is not known before experiment takes place, example > six-sided die. Elementary outcomes & sample space: each outcome of an experiment is known as an elementary outcome, set of all elementary outcomes is the sample space, example 1: six-sided dice. Each of six sides is an elementary outcome. The six outcomes comprise the sample space: example 2: toss of two coins. Event: subset of the sample space of an experiment > collection of elementary outcomes, defined prior to experiment, example: playing cards. Event a drawing a diamond (13 outcomes) Event b drawing an ace (4 outcomes) Event c drawing the ace of diamonds (1 outcome)
