History 2124A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Anishinaabe, Consumerism, Social Darwinism
24 Jan 2017
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Raymond williams: culture one of the two or three most complicated words in the english language. Culture integrated patterns of human knowledge, belief, and behaviour. Culture consists of language, ideas, beliefs, customs, taboos, codes, institutions, tools, techniques, art, rituals, ceremonies. Modern social sciences: having worked on the definition for over 100 years over 200 definitions of culture. ** range from learned behaviour to logical construct to statistical fiction to psychic defense mechanism to an abstraction from behaviour . 4 elements of culture: cognitive: knowledge and beliefs, symbolic: verbal and non-verbal communication, normative: values and behavioural expectations, material: artefacts/products (some view [d] as part of parts [a to c] For most historians: less theoretical/more pragmatic: an accumulation of the things that people did attended experienced thought wanted (to occur) Understanding of canada"s cultural history has been shaped by the conceptual framework present in the heads of those examining that history. (allan smith) Until mid-19th century tended to only recognize culture .
