Health Sciences 2711A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Diarrhea, Coronary Artery Disease, Osteoporosis
27 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Global Aging
What do people live for? (OMG)
World Pop Pyramid
more older females than males
2000- skinny
2025- larger ball more round
2050 more cylindrical - longevity increase, less fertility and young people
80+ is fastest growing group in any demographic
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old people are everywhere
Asia is highest because it is bigger
in europe there will be less older people
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Why?
1. birth rates are high in phase 1, but also death rates are due to disease, living
condition ect
at some point DR exceeds BR
2. better health care food supply etc. DR start to drop off, BR remain steady
3. DR continues to decline, BR starts decline because women start gaining access to
edu and workfource
4. pop stabilizes because BR drop to replacement or below replacement level and DR
remains low increasing aging pop.
Six Myths of Aging:
1. Most older people live in developed countries
70% older people live in developing countries
decline in premature mortality is causing aging in world pop.
falls in fertility
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Life expectancy increases regardless of country of study
total fertility are decreasing because female are in the workforce
yellow - china: one child policy
2. Old people are all the same
Older people are a very diverse
Genes, Gender, Ethnicity, culture, climate, location, pollution, social status, poverty,
education, rural vs. urban, family size, economical development, income, social roles,
disease, health, activity, nourishment, infectious disease, housing, accidents, injuries,
lifestyle, social isolation, etc
we associate age 65 because pension kicks in
3. Men and women age the same way
Women live 5-8 years longer then men but experience more disabling disease
Men just drop dead
Women
osteoporosis
hypertension
arthritis
Men
stroke
Heart Disease
Patterns in health between men and women are different due to:
hormones
social roles
exposure to life style risks
Biological adv. vs socio-economical disadv.
hormones major reasons women age differently than men
socially women paid less than men = lower pension = lower social security
Widowhood: poverty, loneliness and isolation
4. Older people are frail
must get body there to not become frail
majority of older people are physically fit to carry ADLs (activities of daily life) and
maintain functional capacity
Unhealthy life style contributes to chronic diseases and functional capacity reduction
underlying cause of many other diseases
20% elderly in developed countries receive formals care
1/3 in institutions, 2/3 at home (formal and informal)
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Life course and disability
people go through growth and development
try to maintain
in older age disability can be prevented if preservation of function is preserved
Disability Threshold: zone in which we start requiring help from others
people within life where they have other relying on them for help at both ends of
spectrum are sandwich generations
5. Older people have nothing to contribute
most people opt to stay in work force for longer period of time
education = better job = longer life for yourself, but also for those in generations after
you
Elderly contribute greatly but not in the labor fore or paid occupations
contribute in unpaid work to families, as volunteers, and in agriculture
informal sector: household work, caring for children, informal care-giving, teachers,
community leaders
ICG: caring for chronic illness with midwives, etc.
billions of dollars of help
6. Older people are an economic burden on society
state will be unable to afford and provide income security and health care for older
people in future where myth originates from
retirement
pension
Substantial contributions in unpaid work
relationship of poverty and health
Challenges of an Aging Pop.
Determinants of active aging
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How can we age well?
5 factors that influence how well you age
gender and culture also define you
Document Summary
World pop pyramid more older females than males. 2050 more cylindrical - longevity increase, less fertility and young people. 80+ is fastest growing group in any demographic. Asia is highest because it is bigger in europe there will be less older people. Why: birth rates are high in phase 1, but also death rates are due to disease, living condition ect at some point dr exceeds br, better health care food supply etc. Six myths of aging: most older people live in developed countries. 70% older people live in developing countries decline in premature mortality is causing aging in world pop. falls in fertility. Life expectancy increases regardless of country of study total fertility are decreasing because female are in the workforce yellow - china: one child policy: old people are all the same. Women live 5-8 years longer then men but experience more disabling disease.
