Kinesiology 1070A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Home Advantage, Factor 5
11 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Home Advantage
What influence does the presence of others have on performance?
Historical Perspective
• Earliest reported study of the social facilitation phenomenon was that of Triplett (1897)- the effect
of co-action on bicycling performance
1. Un-paced cyclist
2. Paced cyclist
3. Cyclist racing against another competitor
Audience
• Non-interactive, passive out lookers
• Interactive, audience has verbal and emotional contact with others
Co-actors
• Two or more individuals performing side by side but independently
The Home Advantage
• Home advantage present in most major sports that are played in North America
• Home winning percentage minus away winning percentage (Bray, 1999)
• For any given year a team could have a positive, negative or null home winning %
• Exists in almost all sports but not as much in Alpine skiing
• Courneya & Carron (1990): Rules- no HA from batting last
• Pace & Carron (1992):Travel- interaction for # of Time Zones crossed X time between games
explained 1% of variance in HA in the NHL
• Agnew & Carron (1994): Crowd- crowd density explained 1% of the variance in the HA in major
junior A hockey
- If a stadium is packed in 25k people capacicity- high density
- Same crowd in a bigger place- low density
- Density plays a role
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Historical perspective: earliest reported study of the social facilitation phenomenon was that of triplett (1897)- the effect of co-action on bicycling performance, un-paced cyclist, paced cyclist, cyclist racing against another competitor. Co-actors: two or more individuals performing side by side but independently. If a stadium is packed in 25k people capacicity- high density. Same crowd in a bigger place- low density. Dowie (1982): learning- compared ha of nhl teams with smallest and larges playing surfaces vs. The rest of the league, found ha small/large surface= 65. 6%, ha rest of league= 64. 5% In order to help explain why officials make more subjective decisions in favor of the home team. Dennis and caron (1998)- officiating bias- no evidence of officiating bias in the nhl. Summary: longstanding phenomenon in professional sport, travel contributes to ha. Crowd size is not a factor: rules are not a factor, ga(cid:373)e locatio(cid:374) i(cid:374)flue(cid:374)ces coaches", ga(cid:373)e locatio(cid:374) i(cid:374)flue(cid:374)ces athletes". Testosterone levels: officials are a factor (particularly in soccer)
