Kinesiology 3222A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 29: Ductus Arteriosus, Hypothalamus, Aorta
24 Apr 2017
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Far less susceptible to external agents: tissue and organ differentiation continue, primarily a stage for growth. Amniocentesis: performed to obtain amniotic fluid containing fetal cells, after 14 weeks gestation, uterus becomes an abdominal organ. Sufficient amniotic fluid: chemical and cellular analyses, alpha fetoprotein (afp, by-product that can indicate neural tube defect. Chorionic villi sampling: removal of small portion of placenta, accomplished transcervically or transabdominally, done between 10-12 weeks. Labour: onset of labour accompanied by rhythmic and forceful contractions of the uterus. Stimulated by: oxytocin: released from posterior pituitary, prostaglandins: produced by uterus. Lactation: rising hormone levels prepare breast for lactation, estrogen, progesterone. Stimulate hypothalamus to release prh: anterior pituitary releases prolactin, milk production begins in 2-3 days. Initial fluid is colostrum: prolactin release decreases after birth, maintained by mechanical stimulation. Stimulation by suckling: hypothalamus stimulates posterior pituitary, release oxytocin, causes let down, ejaculation of milk from alveoli. Fetal circulation: 3 vascular shunts, ductus venosus, empty into ivc.
