Pharmacology 3620 Lecture Notes - Lecture 35: Anterior Pituitary, Endocrine Gland, Thyroid
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09. Introduction to Endocrine Pharmacology
Learning Objectives
● General function of the endocrine system in human physiology
● 3 classes of hormones secreted by the endocrine system
○ Give examples of hormones included in each class
● Identify:
○ The hypothalamic releasing hormones
○ The respective anterior pituitary hormones which they regulate
○ The target organs and hormones regulated by the anterior pituitary hormones
● Recall the predominant hormones secreted by the pancreas that control blood sugar
● Recall the 4 general classes of endocrine disorders
Know the drug class and mechanism of action in that class
● Know name if there is a SINGLE drug in the class
General Function of the Endocrine System
● One of the 2 major communication system of the body
● Signals are delayed and last much longer (hours to days)
● Regulate body functions via hormone release
○ Amine hormones
■ Generated by the thyroid gland
● Tyrosine residues
■ Can act on intracellular receptors
○ Peptide hormones
■ Secreted by the pancreas and hypothalamus/ anterior pituitary axis
● Insulin, glucagon
■ Only acts on cell surface receptors
○ Steroid hormones
■ Adrenal cortex and sex organs
● Glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, androgens
■ Can act on intracellular receptors
● Hormones are released into the blood and act on distal areas
The Neuroendocrine System
● Is controlled by the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland
○ Hypothalamus responds to environmental stimuli
■ Stress, light-and-dark cycle. Etc
○ Lead to activity of the pituitary gland
● Composed of the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and endocrine glands
○ Endocrine glands responds to the hormone released by the pituitary
● There are 3 axis:
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Document Summary
General function of the endocrine system in human physiology. 3 classes of hormones secreted by the endocrine system. Give examples of hormones included in each class. The respective anterior pituitary hormones which they regulate. The target organs and hormones regulated by the anterior pituitary hormones. Recall the predominant hormones secreted by the pancreas that control blood sugar. Recall the 4 general classes of endocrine disorders. Know the drug class and mechanism of action in that class. Know name if there is a single drug in the class. One of the 2 major communication system of the body. Signals are delayed and last much longer (hours to days) Secreted by the pancreas and hypothalamus/ anterior pituitary axis. Hormones are released into the blood and act on distal areas. Is controlled by the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland. Lead to activity of the pituitary gland. Composed of the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and endocrine glands.