Political Science 2231E Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Hedley Bull, Immanuel Kant, Hugo Grotius
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11 Dec 2014
School
Department
Course
Professor
The social (instead of interests) framework as a way of analyzing global politics
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FOCUS: COOPERATION in global politics
If you solve the security dilemma amongst states, can you then solve social and justice
issues?
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1950s-1980s: E.H. Carr, Charles Manning Martin Wight, Hedley Bull, Adam Watson
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Affect questions, research and conclusions
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After settling security issue, can then deal with ‘bigger ideals', such as law,
justice, peace, freedom
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Normative questions and values matter
Focus = academic analysis is not just through one process -- it is through
philosophy, history and law, and more than just ‘states as actors’ or the ‘anarchical
state system’
Social factors -- we throw our garbage away even though it's not a necessity
of being a student
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Not interested in making everything policy-relevant through data collection,
manipulation and hypothesis testing & confirmation (American behaviouralism)
Approach to IR:
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Realism and Idealism
History and Theory
Power and Morality -- there's questions of power that are incorrectly used, but in
order to do that we have to make some moral claims
Explanatory and Interpretive
Agency and Structure -- look at states and how they interact with structure
Common Ground between these two approaches
Exclusivity is arbitrary
Machiavelli: dualism
Approaches to IR need not be dichotomous (oppositional)
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Cooperation can be made permanent -- they agree with this position
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Need to understand states as a social system -- composed of/by/for people
Say that states can and will behave as members of an international society of states --
disagreement with realists
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Privileged community
Political elite
Sometimes diplomats don't say what they're supposed to say -- social system
between romney and obama, talking about "act of terror"
Diplomacy is very important, and important to analyze as a social system –states are
not a black box
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Disagreed with Realists on some key points -- including "cooperation"
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Realism: war
1.
Grotian: reform, legal (international law)
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‘Revolutionism’: dismantling (radicalism)
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Draws on 3 traditions:
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How do we go beyond the state of war / state of nature in international relations --
beyond anarchy = what can states do under conditions of anarchy?
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Draws on political theory from Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Immanuel
Kant and other European thinkers
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ENGLISH SCHOOL
Lecture 5 - English School & Constructivism
October-17-12
10:40 AM
POLITICS 2231E Page 1