Psychology 1000 Lecture Notes - Oneword, Daniel Kahneman, Correlation Does Not Imply Causation
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16 Jan 2013
School
Department
Course
Professor
January 10, 2013
Thinking & Problem Solving
- Language Learning
- Heuristic Processing
- Problem Solving
Next Time: Intelligence
Scan: p. 355 – 363
- How do infants acquire language?
- What is thought?
- What shortcuts do people use when problem solving?
The One-Word Speaker
5 to 8 months of age, respond to parents’ words
Talking begins 10 to 20 months
Early vocabulary simple
e.g.
Nouns (mama, duck)
Interactions (hi, peekaboo)
Adjectives (hot, big)
#1 word: NO
Likely to contain objects that infant can manipulate (“ball” more likely than “ceiling”)
Difficult to tell what kids mean when the use single words
Tend to undergeneralize
The Two-Word Speaker
Telegraphic speech
Starts around 2 years old
Vocabulary ≈ Several Hundred Words
Speech shows proper organization
“Throw ball” not “Ball throw”
By 2 ½ years old child moves beyond 2 words, and sentences become more complex
Start searching for rules of generalization
The 4 or 5 year old makes mistakes in tense
e.g. “runned” not “ran”, eated” not “ate”
Child now overgeneralizes rules
Formal schooling takes over