Psychology 2061A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Null Hypothesis, Tesla Model X, Internal Validity

• School: Western University
• Department: Psychology
• Course: Psychology 2061A/B
• Professor: Tara Lee

Document Summary

Reality: objects and events are separate from the observer. Causality: human behaviour can be explained by orderly relations. Empirical: objects and events can be observed reliably. X is unrelated to y (status quo nothing special is going on) Manipulate and control variables in natural setting. Construct: theoretical or abstract concept (e. g. personality, intelligence, performance) Average score on an infinite # of administrations of the same test or parallel versions. Hypothetical difference between an observed score and a true score (error due to measurement) Random errors: vary in unpredictable ways upon repeated. The degree to which observed scores are free form random and systematic errors. Systematic errors: errors that occur upon repeated measurements in a consistent fashion. Rxx = ration of true score variance [var(t)] to observed score variance. Correlation between observed scores made on the same stable characteristic. Carry-over effects, reactivity effects, attrition, and motivation. Inter-rater reliability: collect ratings from multiple raters (e. g. , managers, examine reliability across raters.