Psychology 2135A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Stanford Prison Experiment, Derived Category, German Shepherd

• School: Western University
• Department: Psychology
• Course: Psychology 2135A/B
• Professor: John Campbell

Document Summary

What is a game: activity for fun, has rules, multiple people, competitive, leisure. Classical view: instances are classified as category members if they have certain critical features, serious problems. Doesn"t account for fuzzy boundaries or categories where no critical. Prototype approach feature seems present: instances are comparted to best example category members, category members vary in their family resemblance. Prototypical category members: are accessed more quickly, are accessed more easily, are learned more easily, can be primed more easily. Exemplar approach: instances are compared to previously stored instances, no averaging or best example. Essentialist approaches: categorization is not based on similarity, we categorize by way of an underlying theory regarding what is essential about a concept. Rips (1989) found category membership judgments and similarity judgments to be affected by different variables. Biological essentialism: biological classification as a special and universal cognitive ability. Family resemblance: members of a category have a certain amount of common features.