Psychology 2990A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Industrial And Organizational Psychology, Personnel Selection, Army Beta
15 Dec 2015
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1913: munsterberg publishes the psychology of industrial efficiency to increase productivity, select people with skills that match the job requirements. His ideas set the stage for personnel selection (right person for the job) 1917 (ww1): industrial psychology emerges in response to us army"s practical problem. Psychologists develop two intelligence tests army alpha (could read or write) and army beta for recruits who can"t read or write. Then, new tests to select best officers, best pilots; eliminate most. Psychological tests could be used to screen and classify large numbers. Soon after, businesses and schools want their own tests to select and classify people. The hawthorne studies at western electric plant (in hawthorne illinois) The effect of environmental factors on productivity (e. g. , altering lights, temperature, etc. ) Physical environment is not as important as the social and psychological environment. Maybe productivity increased because they knew they were being observed. This is now known as the hawthorne effect.
