AN100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Patrilocal Residence, Patrilineality, Militarism
AN100 - Lecture 13 - Resolving Conflict Part 2
Spradley - Zapotec Law
- Seeks “to make a balance”
- Attempt a settlement between disputants
- Promote social harmony or equilibrium
- Contrast to “punitive system” of the US
Cross-Cultural Law: Case of an American Gypsy
- American law applied to Gypsy offender
- Gypsies regularly share IDs to maintain anonymity
- Case of cross-cultural differences
- Anthropologist as expert witness
- Differences in culture:
- Mobile and settled lifestyle
- Collective vs individual
- Ritual pollution
War and peace are both active social processes, justified and rationalized
Peaceful Societies: Bias in Favor of Peace
1. Small-scale, isolated
2. No central authority
3. Rule by consensus; “voting with one’s feet” (foragers)
4. Avoid conflicts over material resources - sharing, redistribution, feasting, trade
5. Condemn those who boast, fear of supernatural
6. Place a negative value on aggression
7. Minimize violence and conflict through ceremony (ex trance dance, “Eskimo song duel”)
8. Negotiation and mediation
Violent Societies
- Rewards for wealth and aggression
- Protection of material resources, women, and children
- Religion legitimizes violence
- Socialization for violence
- Large-scale societies are more prone to violence
- String cross-cultural link between patriarchy and violence and violent conflict
Ex Divale and Harris and Peggy Sanday state that …
- Collective violence; competition for scarce resources; socialization for aggression and
male bias; violence against women
- Such societies tend to be: patrilineal, patrilocal, polygynous
- Collective violence is often rewarded in societies: medals in war, trophies in violent
sports
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Document Summary
An100 - lecture 13 - resolving conflict part 2. Contrast to punitive system of the us. Gypsies regularly share ids to maintain anonymity. War and peace are both active social processes, justified and rationalized. Protection of material resources, women, and children. Large-scale societies are more prone to violence. String cross-cultural link between patriarchy and violence and violent conflict. Ex divale and harris and peggy sanday state that . Collective violence; competition for scarce resources; socialization for aggression and male bias; violence against women. Such societies tend to be: patrilineal, patrilocal, polygynous. Collective violence is often rewarded in societies: medals in war, trophies in violent sports. Aggression is valued and may spill over into other areas (internal violence, violence against women) Women and children were important forms of wealth. Scarcity produced by colonization of yanomamo territories. Ritual chest pounding, club fights, and deadly violence. Strategies in place to prevent dominance and competition.
