BI110 Lecture Notes - Lecture 22: G2 Phase, Wound Healing, Chromosome
Document Summary
All cells originate from pre-existing cells through the process of cell division. Growing new tissues(eg. new leaves during plant development) Replacement of lost cells(lining of gut) and/ or damaged cells(wound repair) Prokaryotic cells undergo a cycle of binary fission involving coordinated cytoplasmic growth, dna replication, and cell division, producing two daughter cells from an original parent cell. Replication of the bacterial chromosomes consumes most of the time in the cell cycle. Dna replication begins at a site called the origin of replication(ori) through reactions catalyzed by enzymes located in the middle of the cell. Once the ori is duplicated, the two origins actively migrate to opposite ends of the cell. Division of the cytoplasm then occurs through a partition of cell wall material that grows inward until the cell is separated into two parts. Mitochondria and chloroplasts divide using binary fission within the bacterial cell.
