BI111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Dactyly, Pterosaur, Recapitulation Theory
Document Summary
Connecting species together: classification of species. Phylogenic trees: successive events of speciation, one species gives rise to 2 (or more) Reconstruction: requires comparison of traits( in hared genetic ancestry) in multiple species. Taxon has 3 components: name, rank, content. Dolphin, shark, ichtyosaur, whale: all have similarities; Same shape, live in water, large dorsal fin, wide flat tale. Homologies organisms of the same or different species: similarity in sequence of a protein or nucleic acid between, resemblance due to recent common ancestor, resemblance due to similar selective pressure to fill niche. Homologous structures reflect underlying genetic similarities: bones that support wings of bats, birds and pterosaur, all look, develop from comparable embryonic structures like modification of pentadactyl limb. When no homologies exsit, traits are said to be analogous. Development of things like jaws of animals evolve to best suite their needs. Development of an individual recreates" its evolutionary history.
