BI111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Vascular Tissue, Lepidodendron, Bryophyte
Document Summary
Early plants had no control over water content, were restricted to moist areas. Like algae, water essential for reproduction (motile gametes) Present in all bryophytes (mosses, liverworts and hornworts) Present in mosses and hornworts (not in liverworts) Competition between individuals for access to light, leads to selection for access to light, leads to selection for growth and for structures that increase photosynthetic ability. Cellulose fibres anchors with lignin: stronger and more rigid. The gametophytes of bryophytes, ferns and some gymnosperms produce motile (haploid) sperms cells (like their algal ancestors) Impossible for sperm to reach eggs in absence of water. No vascular tissues for movement of waste and nutrients- in wet habitats. Root and shoot system are an integrated system with many adaptations for transport of water, minerals and organic substances, as well as structural support. Long distances between roots and shoot parts (xylem and phloem) Phloem: vascular tissue which conducts sugar through the plant body (down)