HE435 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Atherosclerosis, Etiology, Varicose Veins
Document Summary
Atherosclerosis/cad etiology: age, biological sex, genetic factors (family history, smoking, high bp (poorly controlled hypertension, obesity (diet high in cholesterol, animal fats, diabetes mellitus, sedentary lifestyle (physical inactivity, high stress. If diminished blood flow to tissues: tissue integrity is challenged if demands exceed supply of o2 and nutrients. Ischemia & eventual death of tissue if inadequate blood flow: can damage arteries, obstructions from atherosclerosis plaque, thrombus, or embolus, damaged also from, chemical/mechanical trauma, infections, inflammation, vasospastic disorders & congenital malformations. Acute or chronic changes: sudden arterial occlusion, profound & irreversible tissue ischemia & death, gradual chronic occlusion, collateral circulation may develop, tissue adapts gradually to bf, less risk of sudden tissue death. Veins: carry deoxygenated blood to heart, normal venous pressure (allows blood flow back to heart, lower in the ra than in the feet, damaged veins (varicose, by a thrombus incompetent valves, or decreased pumping action of surrounding muscles.
