PS101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Myelin, Size Function, Reuptake
Document Summary
Specialized cells that carry messages throughout the nervous system. A erent neurons (sensory: relay information from the senses to the brain and spinal cord. E erent neurons (motor: send information from the central nervous system to the glands and muscles, enabling the body to move. Parts of a neuron: cell body, dendrites, axons, myelin sheath, nodes of ranvier, terminal buttons. Glial cells: the glue that holds neutrons together, 5 types of gila. Firing of neuron: resting state - negative charge, -70 millivolts, action potential - stimulated, channels in membrane open, shift in electrical charge, refractory period - channels close. Acetylcholine between motor neurons and voluntary muscles: throughout nervous system, agonists excite - increase likelihood of ring, antagonists opposes - decrease likelihood of ring. Gaba - sleep, reduces arousal (thought, and emotions); controls anxiety. Endorphins - relieve pain and produce feelings of pleasure and well-being.
