PS101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Antisocial Personality Disorder, Twin, Etiology
Document Summary
Throughout time people have been intuitively aware of individual differences. We like some people and not others. Definition: distinctive and relatively enduring way of thinking/feeling and acting that (cid:272)hara(cid:272)terize a perso(cid:374)(cid:859)s respo(cid:374)se to situatio(cid:374)s, comes from word persona- a(cid:272)tor(cid:859)s (cid:373)asks. Theophrastus (cid:449)rote a(cid:271)out differe(cid:374)t (cid:862)(cid:272)hara(cid:272)ters(cid:863) to tr(cid:455) to des(cid:272)ri(cid:271)e i(cid:374)di(cid:448)idual differences. Attempting to characterize people their personalities: the coward, the flatterer, the booer. Interview: structured set of standardized questions, note other behaviours appearance, speech, etc, drawbacks, characteristics of interviewer can affect answers, dependence on co-operation, honesty of interviewee. Behavioural assessment: need explicit coding system, ai(cid:373) is (cid:374)ot solel(cid:455) to (cid:862)des(cid:272)ri(cid:271)e(cid:863) (cid:271)eha(cid:448)iour, specific behaviour, frequency, specific situations, under what conditions. Interjudge reliability: high level of agreement among observers. Number of traits measured varies by test. Differences across people come from within the person. Cattell was first-16 traits with opposing labels. Cattel gave away more modern tests which have fewer traits. Big 5 personality trait extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, openness to experience.
