PS101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Genetic Drift, Meiosis, Germ Cell
Document Summary
Endocrine system: pituitary gland, major gland, impacts other glands, signals other glands to action. Works with hypothalamus (4 f"s: thyroid gland, regulates metabolism (the rate food is transformed into energy) Too much hyperthyroidism- nervous excitable, lots of energy-thin (thin) Too little hypothyroidism- opposite of above (fat: pancreas, regulates blood sugar levels. Too much insulin hypoglycemia- low blood pressure: adrenal glands, hormones activate the sympathetic nervous system. Also control salt balance: gonads, enable reproduction, development of secondary sex characteristics (testosterone) Heredity and behaviour: chromosomes and genes, genotype and phenotype, twin and family studies. Individual: complement of 23 pairs of chromosomes. Not necessarily observable: phenotype what you see, expressed, observable, visible, overt appearance, dominant and recessive, dominant-stronger, usually only need one to be expressed, recessive-weaker, usually need two to be expressed, mendel"s square/ punnett square. Genetic heredity: polygenic, not just single pair of genes, so how much is nature vs. nurture, twin studies-monozygotic vs. dizygotic.
