BIOL 1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Chlorophyll, Photon, Confidence Interval

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12 Mar 2019

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Effect of green light vs white light on photosynthetic rate of aquatic plant cabomba caroliniana. The photosynthetic rate measured by the cumulative oxygen production per gram overtime of the aquatic plant cabomba caroliniana under white light will be greater in comparison to the aquatic plant under green light. Photosynthesis in plants occur in their chloroplasts, specifically in the thylakoid membrane. The thylakoid membrane contains specialized molecules called pigments that proficiently absorb a specific wavelength of visible light because of their conjugated system of alternating carbon double and single bonds (wilson et al. Light travels in variable wavelengths and when it encounters a pigment, dependent on the wavelength the pigment will either reflect or transmit or absorb the photon (wilson et al. Only when the energy of a photon is absorbed by a pigment molecule the plant can use the energy to drive the process of photosynthesis.

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1. The absorption of light by light harvesting complexes and transfer of that photon to one or two reaction centers represents one of the most complex and structurally ordered systems in biology. Four-part question.

a. Describe the structurally arrangements of light harvesting chromophores from purple photosynthetic bacteria, green photosynthetic bacteria and chloroplasts.

b. Describe the movement of a photon of light from the light harvesting complex(s) to the photosynthetic reaction centers in purple photosynthetic bacteria, green photosynthetic bacteria and chloroplasts.

c. In chloroplasts has does the organelle control distribution of photons of light between photosystem I and photosystem II.

d. Considering the similarities between photosynthetic reaction centers in purple photosynthetic bacteria, green photosynthetic bacteria and chloroplasts what do you think was the driving force for the differences between light harvesting complexes.

What specialized intracellular components would increase the fitness of prokaryotes dwelling in these particular microenvironments? Name at least one for each example.

a. Aerophilic magnetic bacteria in aquatic sediments

b. Nonphotosynthetic ocean-dwelling archaea utilizing light as an energy source

c. Gut-inhabiting enterobacteria

d. Photosynthetic cyanobacteria in damp soil

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The simplest known photosynthetic system is bacteriorhodopsin (BR) , a 26KD membrane protein found in halophilic bacteria. BR is a simple light-activated proton pump which translocates one H+ per photon absorbed. The protons are then used to synthesize ATP with a typical ATP synthase enzyme. The peak absorption of BR is in the green light range (565 nm photons).

a. If 3 H+/ATP is required for synthesis what is the % efficiency of this photosynthetic system? Assume the DGâ for ATP hydrolysis in -12 kcal/mol (-50. kJ/mol) under the real cellular conditions at 37^oC.

b. Look up a value for the efficiency of a typical green plant (PSI and PSII) photosynthetic system. What is it (there are any different estimates out thereâpick one)? How does it compare? What are some of the disadvantages of the simple BR system as compared to the extremely complex green plant system?

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BIOL 1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Chlorophyll, Photon, Confidence Interval

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