BIOL 2020 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Expression Vector, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sticky And Blunt Ends
24 Aug 2020
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Significant for purines: 10,000 purines lost/day in a mammalian cell. Either its processing would stop, or put some random base this leads to no functional protein, or tumor (cancer) U (which doesn"t exis in dna) on there, random base will be put on there: molecular mechanisms of oxidative and chemical mutagenesis. Cells have mechanisms to correct most of these modifications: molecular mechanisms of radiation-induced mutagenesis. Uv light induces dimerization of pyrimidines; this may be the main mechanism for skin cancers. Onizing radiation (x rays and g rays) causes ring opening and strand breaking. Cells can repair some of these modifications, but others that cannot be repaired lead to mutations. Accumulation of mutations is linked to aging and carcinogenesis: other functions of nucleotides : 2: other functions of nucleotides : coenzymes (during the cycle and catalysis ) Ppgpp (2 phosphate on 5", 2 phosphate on 3") Artificially created dna that combines sequences that do not occur together in nature.
