BIOL 2040 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Chromatin Remodeling, Chromosome Territories, Rna Polymerase Ii
1 Nov 2017
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Wh(cid:455) there"s (cid:373)ore ge(cid:374)e e(cid:454)pressio(cid:374) i(cid:374) prokar(cid:455)otes tha(cid:374) eukar(cid:455)otes: Eukaryotic cell have more dna than prokaryotic cells, regulation of chromatin remodeling. Mrna of most eukaryotic genes must be spliced, capped, and polyadenylated to transport from the nucleus. Eukaryotic genes are located on many chromosomes, rather than just one and the chromosomes are enclosed within double membrane bound nucleus. Eukaryotic mrnas have wide range of half-lives compare to prokaryotic mrna (which decay rapidly); degradation of mrna. Translation regulations can be modified with the amount of proteins processed. Rnap ii: transcribes genes that encode all mrnas and some small nuclear rnas. Rnap i and iii: transcribe genes that code for ribosomal rnas some small nuclear rnas and transfer. The structure of dna with nucleosomes and other chromatin binding proteins inhibits access of dna to the proteins, this is referred to as closed chromatin. Before transcription, the structure of chromatin must become open to transcription regulatory factors and enzymes such as rna polymerases.
