FINE 2000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Dow Jones Industrial Average, S&P 500 Index, Dividend Yield

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Introduction to risk, return and the opportunity cost of capital. When investors buy a stock or bond, they get a return in 2 ways. (1) the dividend or interest payment (2) the capital gain or capital loss. The % return on investment = capital gain + dividend payment / initial share price. The % return on investment can be calculated by the sum of dividend yield and % capital gain. Dividend yield is the dividend expressed as a % of the initial stock price. % capital gain = capital gain / initial stock price. Rates of return can be calculated for any time period i. e. a day, month or even years. To measure the rates for different time periods it is necessary to convert them to ear. To convert the nominal rate of return to the real rate of return we use the following equation:

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