KINE 2011 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Chromosome, Phagocytosis, Secretion
17 Sep 2017
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Document Summary
Separates cell contents from its surroundings, separates icf from the ecf. Controls movement of molecules into and out of the cell. Has a double-layered membrane called the nuclear envelope. Contains cell"s genetic material, dna transcription and dna replication happen here. Portion of cell interior not occupied by the nucleus. Consists of: organelles ( little organs ): distinct, highly organized, membrane-enclosed (usually, cytosol: complex, gel-life mass in which the cytoskeleton is found. Has lots of dissolved stuff (ions, proteins, amino acids, nucleotides). Occupies about 55% of total cell volume (will vary with cell type: semi-liquid portion of cytoplasm that surrounds the organelle, contains cytoskeleton, activities that occur here: Storage of fat and glycogen, carbohydrates and secretory vesicles. Rough endoplasmic reticulum (rer) synthesizes membrane proteins and proteins for secretion. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ser) synthesizes lipids (including phospholipids and steroids), some metabolic functions, calcium store in muscles. Elaborate fluid filled membranous systems distributed throughout cytosol. Primary function: protein and lipid generation/ manufacture.
