MODR 1760 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Feminist Ethics, Virtue Ethics, The Guardians Of Time
22 Feb 2019
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Theories combing justice and care: moral criteria of adequacy. Criterion i: consistency with our considered moral judgments. Criterion ii: consistency with the facts of the moral life. Aristotle"s four principles or causes: material cause: matter or stuff something is made out of. What is it made of: formal cause: form is embodied in an individual body. The formal cause of a thing is its essence or whatness . What kind of thing is it: efficient cause: what brings the thing into being. Source from which change and motion proceed. Who made it, or how: final cause: the end or purpose of the thing, its goal. What is it for: aristotle stresses the element of purpose or the final cause. It is our souls, not our bodies, which exist as our essences or forms: plants also have souls, without a soul, you would only be a corpse, human souls are rational unlike plants and animals.
