NURS 1543 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Brachial Artery, Arteriole, Perfusion
18 Jan 2017
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Document Summary
Canadian fundamentals of nursing textbook readings on vital signs; including the normal vital sign ranges. Cellular metabolism requires a mean stable core temperature of 37. 2 degrees celsius. Factors that affect normal temperature: (1) diurnal cycle, (2) menstrual cycle, (3) exercise, (4) stress, (5) environment, (6) age: diurnal cycle. Temperature is lower in early morning hours, and higher in the late afternoon to early evening: exercise, stress. Physical and emotional stress increase temperature through hormonal and neural stimulation- changes increase metabolism: environment. Older adults more susceptible to environment changes due to their temperature-regulating mechanisms being less efficient: age. Older adults tend to have a lower temperature than other age groups, the mean is 36. 2 degrees celsius. Fever (pyrexia): heat-loss mechanisms unable to keep pace with excess heat production. Pyrogens (bacteria, viruses) act as antigens triggering the immune system responses. The hypothalamus raises the set point (chills, shivers, feels cold). Fe(cid:448)er is the (cid:271)od(cid:455)"s (cid:374)or(cid:373)al defe(cid:374)(cid:272)e (cid:373)e(cid:272)ha(cid:374)is(cid:373).
