PHYS 1010 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Antigen, White Blood Cell, Antibody
22 Feb 2019
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Topic 5. 3 5. 4 disease & defense against disease. Airborne; waterborne; food; insect transmission; sti; skin. Specific defenses production of antibodies to a specific antigen. Antigen a molecule (protein) recognized as foreign by the immune system. Antibody a globular, y-shaped protein that recognizes an antigen. Produced by b-cells (a type of leukocyte) Inhibit the function of bacterial (prokaryotic) proteins, preventing protein synthesis. Will not affect a virus, because a virus uses host cells to reproduce. Bacteria have short reproductive time, so can easy evolve to a resistance to an antibiotic. Production of antibodies: pathogen invades body, antigen detected by macrophage, macrophage engulfs pathogen, and displays the antigen on the outside of its membrane, t-cells detect the antigen activate b-cells, b-cells produce antibody. B cells clone themselves: antibody binds to antigen neutralizing it , memory t-cells and b-cells are left behind. These reduce the response time to a second exposure. Helper t-cell activate b-cells to produce antibodies.
