PHYS 1010 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide, Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide, Cellular Respiration
22 Feb 2019
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The reason for this is because it has 3 phosphates attached to it and they all repel each other because they all have negatively charged oxygen atoms. This repulsion makes the bond weak and less energy is required to break these weak bonds. As a result, less energy can be used to break the bonds and allows us to make even stronger bonds. This gives us a profit of atp and thus, atp is a higher energy molecule. Two types of energy transfer mechanisms: substrate-level phosphorylation and oxidative- phosphorylation. Substrate-level phosphorylation: atp is formed directly by enzyme-catalyzed reactions, a phosphate containing compound like phosphoenolpyruvate (pep) transfers a phosphate group directly to atp, forming atp, during this process, only 31 kj/mol of energy is transferred. Enzymes: kinase: adds or removes a phosphate from a molecule. It is used in glycolysis on glucose and other sub-molecules from glucose. With the help of kinase, atp is added to a glucose molecule.
