BIOL 3200 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Pentose Phosphate Pathway, Folic Acid, Competitive Inhibition
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Protein Structure
a.Different function of proteins and examples:
b. Protein building blocks:
1. atomic composition of building block:
2. "parts" or "functional groups" of the building block:
c. Importance of side chain (R group):
d. Hydrophobic amino acids characteristics:
e. Hydrophilic amino acids characteristics:
f. Charged amino acids characteristics
Copy and complete the table below regarding the characteristics and which groups in the polypeptide interact together at each structural level of the protein.
| characteristics | groups interacting | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Primary structure | |||
| Secondary structure | |||
| Tertiary structure | |||
| Quartenary structure |
Value: 2
Choose the correct statement(s). You may choose more than one answer.
[mark all correct answers]
a. Proteins are the building blocks of amino acids.
b. Enzymes are a type of protein.
c. Quartenary structure consists of two or more polypeptide chains interacting.
d. Amino acids are made of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and phosphorus.
e. The primary structure of a protein is formed due to the interaction of side groups.
Value: 3
Put the following statements regarding the structural levels of a protein formation in the correct order.
Below is a sequence of events. Place them in the order they should occur, number 1 being the first item. Select the step number from the drop down next to each item.
Items to order:
1. Individual amino acids are bonded together via peptide bonds.
2. Two or more polypeptide chains interact via bonds.
3. Hydrogen bonds form between neighboring amino acids within a polypeptide chain allowing the chain to coil or form pleated sheets.
4. Side groups (R) of the individual amino acids interact with each other allowing the protein to assume its three dimensional shape.
Value:4
Put the following statements regarding the structural levels of a protein formation in the correct order
| Individual amino acids are bonded together via peptide bonds. | 1 2 3 4 |
| Two or more polypeptide chains interact via bonds. | 1 2 3 4 |
| Hydrogen bonds form between neighboring amino acids within a polypeptide chain allowing the chain to coil or form pleated sheets. | 1 2 3 4 |
| Side groups (R) of the individual amino acids interact with each other allowing the protein to assume its three dimensional shape. | 1 2 3 4 |
Value: 5
Hydrophobic amino acids will be found _______________.
a. In the interior (inner core) of a protein, away from the watery environment.
b. in the interior of a plasma membrane.
c. Both A and B
d. Neither
Value: 6
A protein's function is defined by ____________.
a. enzymatic reactions
b. it's shape.
c. chain of nucleotides.
d. the presence of carbon and hydrogen.
Value: 7
Which of the following is NOT considered a protein function?
a. transport of substances across membrane
b. enzymatic reactions
c. provides structural support
d. carries genetic information
Unit 2 Organic Chemistry
Organic compounds vs. Inorganic compounds
What makes a compound organic? Inorganic?
Functional groups (phosphate groups, amino groups, carboxyl groups)
Know the structure of each of these groups, and which organic compounds they are found in. You can draw them for your own use.
Hydrolysis
What is it? What is it used for?
Dehydration synthesis
What is it? What is it used for?
Carbohydrates (Monosaccharides, Disaccharides, Polysaccharides and examples)
Know the process of joining two monosaccharides together to create a disaccharide.
Be able to give examples of several monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides.
| Monosaccharide examples (3) | Disaccharide examples (2) | Complex carbohydrates (3) |
Lipids (Saturated vs. Unsaturated; Phospholipids, Steroids)
Define a saturated fatty acid.
Define an unsaturated fatty acid. Draw if it helps.
What process is used to put the fatty acid chain on a glycerol molecule?
Hydrophilic vs. hydrophobic
Define hydrophilic.
What part of the phospholipid is hydrophilic?
Define hydrophobic.
What part of the phospholipid is hydrophobic?
Proteins, types and functions
What is a protein composed of, and what does it do?
Amino acids
Name the three parts of the amino acid that come off the common Carbon.
Identify each of the three parts. (Amino Acid ID game)
Peptide Bonds
How are they formed?
What two parts of each amino acid do they join together?
Enzymes - define.
Levels of Protein structure
Complete the chart below.
| Protein structure level | definition |
| Primary | |
| Secondary | |
| Tertiary | |
| Quarternary |
Protein Denaturation
What is it and how does it happen?
Define what a Solute is.
Define what a solvent is
Nucleic acids (DNA, RNA, ATP)
Nucleotide
Name its three parts and be able to identify each of them on a diagram. (Nucleotide ID game)
What are the two possible sugars used in a nucleotide?
Complete the Table below.
| DNA | RNA | ATP | |
| What sugar does it have? | |||
| What nitrogen bases does it have? | |||
| Provide the pairings of the nitrogen bases of each nucleic acid | N/A | ||
| What is its structure? |
