NUSCTX 10 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Metallothionein, Hemocyanin, Iron Overload
23 Jul 2018
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Iron deficiency results in small red blood cells (microcytic) that do not contain enough hemoglobin. Symptoms are fatigue, pale skin, impaired work performance, depressed immune function, impaired memory. Accumulated iron damages cells: progressive hepatic, pancreatic, cardiac, and other organ damage. Prevalence: 1 in 13 (1 copy - recessive) Hemocyanin - proteins that transport oxygen throughout the bodies of some invertebrate animals. Utilized in surrounding cell walls of animals. About 30-40% of the cu in the diet is absorbed. High zn intake strongly inhibits cu absorption. Cu absorption is reduced by intake of iron, other metals, large doses of vitamin c and antacids. Absorbed copper is bound to albumin and transported to the liver. Copper binds to ceruloplasmin in the liver for delivery to the tissues by oxidizing fe^2+ (ferrous) iron to fe^3+ (ferric) iron which can then be bound to transferrin. Dairy, whole grains, legumes: lower rates of absorption. Functions in > 300 enzymes for growth, protein synthesis, sexual maturation.
