HWS 332 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Glycogenesis, Blood Sugar, Fatty Acid Metabolism

• School: Binghamton University
• Department: Health and Wellness St
• Course: HWS 332
• Professor: Sarah Thompson

Document Summary

Glucagon- increases blood glucose (produced in hunger state) Increases glucose uptake to cells: not needed for brain, liver, kidneys. Stimulates glycogen breakdown in the liver, glycogenolysis. Cortisol (stress hormone: increases blood glucose, protein breakdown, reduces uptake of glucose by the muscle cells. Growth hormone: increases blood glucose, stimulates fat mobilization and utilization, increases glucose output by liver. Epinephrine: raises blood glucose, glucogenesis, glycogenesis. Hypoglycemia- 40-50 mg/dcl of fasting blood sugar levels. Hyperglycemia- >125 mg/dl of fasting blood sugar levels. Diabetes an insulin resistan: 126 mg/dl fasting= cutoff for diabetes. 110-125 mg/dl= insulin resistant: 200 mg/dl 2 hours after a 75 g load. Symptoms: weight loss, muscle wasting, frequent thirst, hunger, urination, treatment. Treatment: medication, diet(weight loss), exercise, insulin: gestattional diabetes (similar to type 2) Ketoacidosis- caused by high blood glucose levels leading to ion imbalances, dehydration, coma, death. Degenerative diseases: nerve damage, heart disease, kidney disease, blindness. Carriers of fat soluble nutrients: essential fatty acids, fat soluble vitamins (deka)