CAS BI 203 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Human Genome Project, Intron, Alternative Splicing
Document Summary
Took fragments and put them in cloning library then mapped them together. Took whole genome broke up into sequences and figured out where they overlapped. Mouse and rat genomes were used as model organisms. 90% of genes in humans are common to rats and mice. Humans are 99. 9% genetically similar to other humans. What we see phenotypically on the outside isn"t what we are coding for. There are 100s of genes making your blood work, create tissue, muscles etc. Due to splicing, 20k genes can encode for ~100k different proteins. For each gene (gdna) you will have different versions of the protein. Remember introns are the non coding regions. Humans are 99% similar to chimps could be because that 1% codes for brain activity. Single nucleotide polymorphism (snp"s) set of genes where a single nucleotide change will give you a different allele. These differences (snp) account for differences among humans.
