CPS 100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Electromagnetic Spectrum, Hubble Space Telescope, Nustar
Supernova
Where Do Supernovas?
Supernovas are often seen in other galaxies. But supernovas are difficult to see in
our own Milky Way galaxy because dust blocks our view. In 1604, Johannes
Kepler discovered the last observed supernova in the Milky Way. NASA’s Chandra
telescope discovered the
remains of a more recent supernova. It exploded in the Milky Way more than a
hundred years ago.
What Causes a Supernova?
A supernova happens where there is a change in the core, or center, of a star. A
change can occur in two different ways, with both resulting in a supernova.
The first type of supernova happens in binary star systems. Binary stars are two
stars that orbit the same point. One of the stars, a carbon-oxygen white dwarf,
steals matter from its companion star. Eventually, the white dwarf accumulates too
much matter. Having too much matter causes the star to explode, resulting in a
supernova.
The second type of supernova occurs at the end of a single star’s lifetime. As the
star runs out of nuclear fuel, some of its mass flows into its core. Eventually, the
core is so heavy that it cannot withstand its own gravitational force. The core
collapses, which results in the giant explosion of a supernova. The sun is a single
star, but it does not have enough mass to become a supernova.
Why Do Scientists Study Supernovas?
A supernova burns for only a short period of time, but it can tell scientists a lot
about the universe.
One kind of supernova has shown scientists that we live in an expanding universe,
one that is growing at an ever increasing rate.
Scientists also have determined that supernovas play a key role in distributing
elements throughout the universe. When the star explodes, it shoots elements and
debris into space. Many of the elements we find here on Earth are made in the
core of stars. These elements travel on to form new stars, planets and everything
else in the universe.
How Do NASA Scientists Look for Supernovas?
NASA scientists use different types of telescopes to look for and study supernovas.
Some telescopes are used to observe the visible light from the explosion. Others
record data from the X-rays and gamma rays that are also produced. Both NASA’s
find more resources at oneclass.com
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Document Summary
But supernovas are difficult to see in our own milky way galaxy because dust blocks our view. Kepler discovered the last observed supernova in the milky way. Nasa"s chandra telescope discovered the remains of a more recent supernova. It exploded in the milky way more than a hundred years ago. A supernova happens where there is a change in the core, or center, of a star. A change can occur in two different ways, with both resulting in a supernova. The first type of supernova happens in binary star systems. Binary stars are two stars that orbit the same point. One of the stars, a carbon-oxygen white dwarf, steals matter from its companion star. Eventually, the white dwarf accumulates too much matter. Having too much matter causes the star to explode, resulting in a supernova. The second type of supernova occurs at the end of a single star"s lifetime.
