PSY 383 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Forgetting Curve, Natural Selection, John Stuart Mill
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(cid:862)episte(cid:373)olog(cid:455)(cid:863) how do we know what we know. Two positions: we are born with what we know nativism/rationalism (nature, we must learn what we know empiricism (nurture) When we are born, all the knowledge we need is present (innate knowledge). Answer: experience with the world clouds our knowledge. We need to go to school to bring out what we forgot. Require (cid:862)philosophi(cid:272)al diale(cid:272)ti(cid:272)(cid:863): de(cid:396)i(cid:448)e t(cid:396)uth (cid:448)ia (cid:396)easo(cid:374)ed de(cid:271)ate. Aristotle: whe(cid:374) (cid:449)e a(cid:396)e (cid:271)o(cid:396)(cid:374), ou(cid:396) (cid:373)i(cid:374)ds a(cid:396)e (cid:862)ta(cid:271)ula (cid:396)osa. (cid:863, knowledge is learned. Important mechanism of learning (cid:862)asso(cid:272)iatio(cid:374). (cid:863: e. g. , (cid:862) pide(cid:396) + pai(cid:374) = fea(cid:396)(cid:863) leads to the (cid:272)atego(cid:396)ies of fea(cid:396)ful o(cid:271)je(cid:272)ts a(cid:374)d (cid:374)o(cid:374)- fearful objects. After ancient greek, not much development has occurred in science (medieval time). Everyone is free to act and has a reason for acting. So, god holds them responsible for what they do. Before 16th century, this principle was applied to inanimate objects as well: e. g. , movement of a planet.
