BIOL-4610 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Endoplasmic Reticulum, Lipid Bilayer, Flippase

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scarletmouse537

1 Oct 2018

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Send lipids and proteins to golgi apparatus for modification. Transitional elements: role in formation of transition vesicles. Shuttle lipids and proteins from er to golgi aparatus. Concentration of both depends on cell function. Glycoproteins embedded in plasma membrane and help signal to other cells what the cell is. Liver cells have a bunch of this. Sarcoplasmic reticulum = example of smooth er specialized in calcium storage. Phospholipids are incorporated into the membrane via vesicles. Flippase: takes phospholipids and flips them to the lumenal side of the bilayer. Phospholipid exchange proteins: convoy specific phospholipids to specific organelles. The half life of mrna is very important in determining how many copies of protein can be made. Cytosolic free ribosomes: not bound to the membrane or does not bind to er membrane. The protein has no signal once translated not being fed into the er membrane so it doesn"t need a key to get in.

Related Questions

QUESTION 30

The function of centrosome is:

	1.	Microtubule initiation and organization in animal cells
	2.	Organization of thin filaments
	3.	Depolymerization of microtubules
	4.	Organization of intermediate filaments

2.5 points

QUESTION 31

The destinations of proteins synthesized on "free" ribomsomes include:

	1.	Endoplasmic reticulum
	2.	Nucleus
	3.	Mitochondria
	4.	Lysosomes

2.5 points

QUESTION 32

Microtubules can be assembled and disassembled quickly in response to the cellular changes is because:

	1.	Cells synthesize tubulin proteins very fast.
	2.	Cells can turn other cytoskeletal filaments into microtubules
	3.	Microtubules have an instable plus end and microtubules are probably organized by weak non-covalent interactions
	4.	The motor proteins of microtubules can organize the microtubules in response to the cellular changes

2.5 points

QUESTION 33

Both signal recognition particle and a translocon in rough endoplasmic reticulum membrane can recognize and bind to the signal sequence of a secretory protein, so they play the exact same role during protein co-translational translocation.

True

False

2.5 points

QUESTION 34

Rough endoplasmic reticulum is so named is because:

	1.	It has many proteins associated with its surface.
	2.	It has ribosomes associated with its cytosolic surface.
	3.	It is associated with nuclear membrane.
	4.	It has vesicles budding off its surface.

2.5 points

QUESTION 35

The membrane vesicles that transport materials between membrane compartments have a protein coat. The protein coat has similar functions in different vesicles. These functions include:

	1.	Help the enclosed material fold correctly.
	2.	Help degrade the protein in the vesicles
	3.	Maintain the internal pH of the vesicles
	4.	Function as mechanical device to form a vesicle and select the components to be carried by a vesicle.

2.5 points

QUESTION 36

Lysosomes are important for:

	1.	Receptor-mediated endocytosis.
	2.	Breaking down foreign particles brought into the cells by endosomes
	3.	Regulating the process of organelle turnover.
	4.	Protein trafficking between membrane compartments

2.5 points

QUESTION 37

Which of the following is correct about membrane biosynthesis?

	1.	Membranes are synthesized in Golgi Complex.
	2.	Membranes arise from preexisting endoplasmic reticulum membranes.
	3.	Membranes are synthesized on ribosomes.
	4.	Membranes of all organelles have the same composition of proteins and lipids, since they all originate from endoplasmic reticulum.

2.5 points

QUESTION 38

During skeletal muscle contractions, the shortening of the muscle fibers is because of:

		The shortening of the thin and thick myofilaments.
		The shortening of the cytoskeletal filaments.
		The kinesin proteins moving over microtubules.
		The actin and myosin filaments sliding over each other.

2.5 points

QUESTION 39

The assembly and disassembly of microtubules is regulated by rate of growth and shrinkage of the plus end.

True

False

2.5 points

QUESTION 40

The functions of Golgi complex include:

	1.	O-linked oligosaccharides and most of a cellâs complex polysaccharides are assembled in Golgi complex
	2.	Cis Golgi complex sorts proteins
	3.	Trans Golgi complex segregates proteins in different types of vesicles for dilevery.
	4.	N-linked oligosaccharides are further processed in Golgi complex

ochrecoyote721

Please match the following:Nucleus, cytoplasm, plasma membrane, ribosome, rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, vesicles, lysosomes, central vacuole, mitochondrion, chloroplast, cell wall, cytoskeleton, gap junction, tight junction, plasmodesmataA. Structure between cells that forms leak proof sheetB. Stacks of membrane sacs that receive and modify protein products coming from the rERC. Fluid-Filled space between the plasma membrane and the nuclear membrane where organelles are suspendedD. Supports cell, maintains cell shape, acts as tracks for organelle movementE. Cellular respiration, bulk of ATP productionF. Outer border of plant cellsG. Storage, digestion, maintains, turgor pressure in plantsH. Genetic control center, directs cellular activitesI. Selective barrier of all cellsJ. Converts solar energy to chemical energyK. Structure that allows substances to flow from one cell to another cellL. protein factoryM. digestive compartment in animal cellsN. synthesis, modification, and packaging of proteinsO. transport shuttle busesP. stacks of tubules where carbohydrate and lipid are producedQ. Channels connecting neighboring plant cells

brownwoodchuck820

Please match the following:

Nucleus, cytoplasm, plasma membrane, ribosome, rough endoplasmicreticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, vesicles,lysosomes, central vacuole, mitochondrion, chloroplast, cell wall,cytoskeleton, gap junction, tight junction, plasmodesmata

A. Structure between cells that forms leak proof sheet
B. Stacks of membrane sacs that receive and modify protein productscoming from the rER
C. Fluid-Filled space between the plasma membrane and the nuclearmembrane where organelles are suspended
D. Supports cell, maintains cell shape, acts as tracks fororganelle movement
E. Cellular respiration, bulk of ATP production
F. Outer border of plant cells
G. Storage, digestion, maintains, turgor pressure in plants
H. Genetic control center, directs cellular activites
I. Selective barrier of all cells
J. Converts solar energy to chemical energy
K. Structure that allows substances to flow from one cell toanother cell
L. protein factory
M. digestive compartment in animal cells
N. synthesis, modification, and packaging of proteins
O. transport shuttle buses
P. stacks of tubules where carbohydrate and lipid areproduced
Q. Channels connecting neighboring plant cells

harlequinmoose866

BIOL-4610 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Endoplasmic Reticulum, Lipid Bilayer, Flippase

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