PHIL-3210 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Malum Prohibitum, Categorical Imperative, Retributive Justice
Document Summary
Infliction of penalty as a result of acting inappropriately or in a deviant manner: negative reinforcement for behavior deemed unacceptable by societal norms and values, meant to deter crime, unwelcome, variety of forms, response to something wrong. Implicit agreement: reasonably expected cost of being caught, a trade-off, not revenge, deter, educate, reform, punishment is therefore purposeful, retribution, rehabilitation, punish rehabilitation, punishee doesn"t choose, clear (death penalty) or unclear (ostracism) forms. Involves idea of violation of a standard: legal, social, internal (guilt, interconnected, not mutually exclusive, acknowledge wrong, accountability, for a reason/justified, contingent link to justice, punishment may be given, but justice not achieved. Stanley benn: a penalty imposed for wrongdoing. Two views respecting the justification of praise: people should get what they deserve and one thing that people may deserve is praise, praise is an effective tool for reinforcing behaviors. Reinforced behaviors are likely, indeed, far more likely, to be repeated that non-reinforced behaviors.
