AREC 202 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Reservation Price, Root Mean Square, Opportunity Cost

31 views5 pages

chocolatesheep405

14 Sep 2016

School

CSU

Department

Agriculture + Resrce Econ

Course

AREC 202

Professor

Stephan Kroll

For unlimited access to Class Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

Document Summary

Supply: supply is a relationship between two variables: The price of a particular good-> price p. The quantity f the goof sellers are willing to sell at this price p during a speci c time period, all other things being equal -> quantity supplied qs: supply schedule. A supply schedule shows how much of a good or service would be supplied at different prices: law of supply. All other things being equal, the higher the price of a good, the greater is the quantity supplied. Reason: increasing opportunity cost of additional production: seller"s reservation price. Seller"s reservation price = minimum willingness to accept: smallest amount at which a seller is willing to sell an additional unit of a good. Tuesday, september 13, 2016: non-price determinants of supply. Prices of related goods: (careful: related in production, not in consumption) Number of rms in the marker (number of sellers: shift of the supply curve vs. movement along the supply curve.

Related Questions

Considering the demand side of a market for a good, it is reasonable to expect that:
i. demand curves for a given good are identical between consumers
ii. demand curves for a given good differ between consumers
iii. an individual has identical demand curves for different goods
iv. an individual has different demand curves for different goods

iii

i and iii

ii and iv

Suppose the market demand curve for a good is represented by the linear equation Q = 60 - 0.75P. If the market price were to increase from P = $20 to P = $40, then holding all other factors constant:

the quantity demanded would decrease by 10 units and total expenditures on the good would decrease by $400

the quantity demanded would decrease by 15 units and total expenditures on the good would increase by $300

the quantity demanded would decrease by 30 units and total expenditures on the good would increase by $1200

the quantity demanded would increase by 20 units and total expenditures on the good would decrease by $800

the quantity demanded would increase by 10 units and total expenditures on the good would increase by $100

the quantity demanded would increase by 25 units and total expenditures on the good would increase by $1000

A perfectly competitive firms supply curve for a good identifies the:
i. minimum quantity supplied at each price, holding all other factors constant
ii. firms minimum willingness to accept for each incremental unit of the good (e.g., the first unit, second unit, etc.), holding all other factors constant
iii. maximum quantity supplied at each price, holding all other factors constant
iv. firms maximum willingness to accept for each incremental unit of the good (e.g., the first unit, second unit, etc.), holding all other factors constant

Considering the supply side of a market for a good, if a firms supply curve were vertical, then:

the law of supply holds, and quantity supplied is completely insensitive to changes in price

the law of supply holds, and quantity supplied is highly sensitive to changes in price

the law of supply fails to hold, and quantity supplied is completely insensitive to changes in price

the law of supply fails to hold, and quantity supplied is highly sensitive to changes in price

none of the above

The determinants of supply are:
i. factors other than price that will affect the quantity of a good or service a firm is willing and able to purchase
ii. factors that affect a producers maximum willingness-to-accept to produce various quantities of a good
iii. factors that affect a producers minimum willingness-to-accept to produce various quantities of a good

iii

i and ii

i and iii

The market supply curve for a good is derived by:
i. horizontally summing the supply curves of the individual firms in the market
ii. vertically summing the supply curves of the individual firms in the market
iii. summing the quantity supplied by each firm at a given price and then repeating this over the range of prices

iii

i and ii

i and iii

If the level of technology used in the production of a good improves, and assuming the quality of the good does not change, then:
i. more output may be obtained with a given amount of inputs compared to before the technological improvement
ii. a given amount of output may be obtained with fewer inputs compared to before the technological improvement
iii. the firm will increase its use of other inputs, such as the number of workers it employs
iv. market demand for the good will increase

Considering the market for gasoline, which of the following would result in an increase in market supply?
i. a decrease in the price of gasoline
ii. an improvement in oil extraction and refining technologies
iii. an increase in the wage rates paid to gasoline refinery workers
iv. a decrease in the price of crude oil, a key input used to produce gasoline
v. the imposition of a federal gasoline tax aimed a decreasing the emission of greenhouse gases

Suppose a market has two identical sellers. If each sellers supply function is given by P = 20 + Q, then the market supply function is:

From the market framework discussed in class and the readings, it may be concluded that in order for a good to be exchanged between a seller and a buyer, it must be that:

buyer maximum willingness-to-pay is greater than seller minimum willingness-to-accept

buyer maximum willingness-to-pay is greater than or equal to seller minimum willingness-to-accept

buyer minimum willingness-to-pay is greater than or equal to seller maximum willingness-to-accept

buyer minimum willingness-to-pay is greater than seller maximum willingness-to-accept

If the market demand function is given by P = 80 - 0.3Q and the market supply is given by P = 20 + 0.1Q, then the equilibrium price and quantity are:

Of concern are the affects of sustained summer droughts on the domestic supply of wheat. Noting that wheat is a primary ingredient in the production of bread and that potatoes are a substitute for bread, if the supply of wheat declines then it is reasonable to expect:

the price of wheat to fall, the supply of bread to increase, and the demand for potatoes to increase

the price of wheat to fall, the supply of bread to increase, and the demand for potatoes to decrease

the price of wheat to rise, the supply of bread to decrease, and the demand for potatoes to decrease

the price of wheat to rise, the supply of bread to decrease, and the demand for potatoes to increase

the price of wheat to rise, the supply of bread to increase, and the demand for potatoes to increase

the price of wheat to rise, the supply of bread to increase, and the demand for potatoes to decrease

Suppose a perfectly competitive market is initially in equilibrium. If market demand and supply decrease simultaneously, then equilibrium:

price will rise, but the equilibrium quantity may either rise, fall, or remain unchanged

quantity will rise, but the equilibrium price may either rise, fall, or remain unchanged

price will fall, but the equilibrium quantity may either rise, fall, or remain unchanged

quantity will fall, but the equilibrium price may either rise, fall, or remain unchanged

Considering the demand side of a market for a good, the consumer surplus derived by an individual:
i. is the difference between the maximum amount the consumer is willing to pay on each unit and the minimum prices that producers are willing to accept
ii. is the difference between the minimum amount the consumer is willing to pay on each unit and the price he/she
actually pays
iii. is the difference between the maximum amount the consumer is willing to pay on each unit and the price he/she actually pays
iv. will decrease if price increases

Suppose the market demand for a good is described by the equation P = 120 - 2Q. If a change in market supply results in price decreasing from P0 = $80 to P1 = $70, then the resulting change in consumer surplus is:

Who bears the primary costs of a rent control program?

landlords

renters that get rent-controlled apartments

taxpayers

the wealthy

Assume the demand for sushi is Qd = 180 - 3P, where Qd is quantity demanded and P = price in dollars. The supply of sushi is Qs = 80 + 5P, where Qs is quantity supplied (and P is, again, price in dollars). A price of $20 would result in:

	A.	Excess supply of 60
	B.	Excess supply of 120
	C.	Excess supply of 140
	D.	Excess demand of 140

US agricultural price supports are politically popular because

They have no adverse impacts

The US would have food shortages without them

The benefits accrue to a large number of voters and the costs are paid by a small number of voters

The costs are spread out among millions of people

	A.	$15.50
	B.	$12.50
	C.	$10
	D.	$15

Price floors and ceiling prices:

cause the supply and demand curves to shift until equilibrium is established.

both cause surpluses.

interfere with the rationing function of prices.

A change in the price of a good leads to a change in ________, which leads to a ___________

quantity supplied; shift of the supply curve

supply; shift of the supply curve

quantity supplied; movement along the supply curve

When the supply of a product increases, this implies that

the price of the product first declined

more will be purchased at the same price

producers will be willing to accept a lower price for each unit sold

demand for the good must have increased

producers will offer less for sale at each possible price

If there is a excess demand for product X:

fewer resources will be allocated to the production of this good.

the price of the product will rise.

the supply curve will shift to the left and the demand curve to the right, eliminating the shortage.

the price of the product will decline.

Which of the following will occur when there is a simultaneous decrease in demand and a decrease in supply?

B and D both necessarily occur

An increase in equilibrium quantity

A and C both necessarily occur

An increase in price

A and D both necessarily occur

A decrease in price

A decrease in equilibrium quantity

Velcro is becoming more and more popular for a variety of uses, including as fasteners for shoes. What should happen to the equilibrium price and quantity for shoelaces as a result?

Both price and quantity should decrease.

Price should increase and quantity decrease.

Both price and quantity should increase.

Price should decrease and quantity increase.

Nothing.

If the government imposes a ceiling price on apartment rents, we would expect to observe all of the following except one. Which is the exception?

	A.	conversion of some apartment complexes to condos
	B.	a shortage
	C.	an increase in the number of new apartment complexes being built
	D.	lower maintenance of existing apartments
	E.	long waiting lists for apartment seekers

supply; movement along the supply curve

both cause shortages.

chocolatebadger640

1)The law of demand states that as the price of a good rise, _____.

A. buyers purchase more of the good because the price of a substitute has risen.

B. buyers purchase less of the good because their real income decreases with an increase in price.

C. buyers purchase more of the good because they expect prices to be even higher in the future

D. buyers purchase less of the good because they expect prices to fall in the future.

2) A movement along a demand curve can be attributed to a change in:

A. the quantity demanded of a good.

B. the demand for a good.

C. the substitution effect of consuming a good.

D. the opportunity cost of producing a good.

3) If we say that demand for a good has increased, we mean that there has been:

A. a leftward shift of the demand curve.

B. a rightward shift of the demand curve.

C. a leftward movement along the demand curve.

D. a rightward movement along the demand curve.

4) Which of the following will cause the demand curve for a normal good to shift to the right?

A. An increase in the price of a complementary good.

B. A decrease in income.

C. A decrease in the price of the good.

D. An increase in the price of a substitute good.

5)Which of the following best defines supply?

A. The amount of a good that is produced at the least possible cost, other things constant

B. The amount of a good that producers are willing and able to sell at each possible price, other things constant.

C. The amount of a good that consumers want to buy at different income levels

D. The amount of a good that producers want to sell at a fixed price

6)The market supply curve of a particular product indicates the total quantities:

A. that are actually sold during a given time period.

B. that sellers are willing to offer for sale at a fixed price.

C. that buyers are willing to purchase at alternative prices.

D. that sellers are willing and able to offer at alternative prices.

7)When quantity demanded of a good exceeds the quantity supplied at the prevailing market price, _____.

A. the demand curve shifts rightward until the surplus is eliminated

B. the market is in equilibrium.

C. the price of the good will tend to increase.

D. the price of the good will decrease

8)A shortage of textbooks is most likely to cause:

A. an increase in the price of textbooks.

B. a decrease in the supply of textbooks.

C. a decrease in the price of paper.

D. an increase in the cost of printing.

9)The most important characteristic of the equilibrium price is that it:

A. maximizes the quantity demanded.

B. clears the market, leaving neither a surplus nor a shortage.

C. minimizes the quantity demanded.

D. guarantees that producers earn the profit.

10)If both demand and supply increases in a market that is initially in equilibrium, the price will:

A. increase only if demand increases more than supply.

B. increase only if supply increases more than demand.

C. remain unchanged while quantity will increase.

D. remain unchanged while quantity will decrease.

lavendertrout13

AREC 202 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Reservation Price, Root Mean Square, Opportunity Cost

Document Summary

Get access

Related Documents

AREC 202 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Reservation Price, Economic Surplus, Economic Equilibrium

AREC 202 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Marginal Utility, Reservation Price, Demand Curve

AREC 202 Lecture Notes - Economic Surplus, Economic Equilibrium, Shortage

Related Questions